Central fatigue, also known as "mental fatigue," is a complex interaction between the brain and body during exercise. The central governor model explains how the brain sets limits to protect the body. Central fatigue reduces drive, impairs motor control, hampers concentration, and increases the perception of effort during physical activities. To mitigate its effects, focus on nutrition, hydration, psychological techniques, gradual training, and sufficient rest. Understanding and managing central fatigue can lead to improved performance in sports and fitness.